釧路湿原の豊かさを物語る動植物たち

The abundant plant and wildlife of Kushiro Wetland

釧路湿原とその周辺には、植物約700種、昆虫類約1,100種、魚類38種、両生・爬虫類9種、鳥類200種、哺乳類39種の生物が生息しています。その中には、絶滅の危機にある生物も含まれています。マナーを十分に守って観察してください。

Although it appears to be merely a barren field surrounded by hills, the wetland is actually rich in animal and plantlife. Within the wetland, there are 700 kinds of plants and flowers, 39 kinds of mammals, 200 kinds of bird, 9 kinds of reptiles and amphibians, 38 kinds of fish and over 1,100 different kinds of insects. Many rare species of plants and animals inhabit the wetland and some of these are endangered species, so please observe them with respect.

Birds
	タンチョウ羽を広げると2.4ｍほどにもなる、我が国で最大級の鳥です。道東地区に1,000羽程度生息しています。3月～4月に繁殖期をむかえます。冬期間には、鶴居村の鶴見台や鶴居・伊藤タンチョウサンクチュアリなどで、姿を見ることができます。 Red-crowned Crane.（better known as the Tancho Crane） This Crane is one of the largest birds in Japan. It has an incredible wingspan of some 2.4m. Approximately 1,000 cranes inhabit eastern Hokkaido. Their breeding season is during March and April. In winter their graceful figures can often be seen at Tsurumidai or at the Tsurui Ito Tancho Sanctuary.
アオサギ 3月中旬に釧路湿原へ渡ってきます。湿原や周辺の水辺で9月頃まで姿を見ることができます（一部越冬）。塘路湖畔などにコロニー（集団営巣地）があります。 Grey Heron. These magnificent birds migrate to Kushiro Wetland in the days of mid-March, and they can be found around lakes and rivers until September. Grey Heron colonies can be seen near Kushiro City zoo and around Lake Toro.
	シマフクロウフクロウ類では日本最大で、北海道に130羽程度しか生息していません。環境省では国内希少野生動植物種に指定し、保護増殖事業を行っています。 Blakiston's Fish Owl. This is the largest owl in Japan. Since there are only about 130 to be found in Hokkaido, they have been designated as an endangered species by the Environmental Agency. As a result, a breeding and protection project has been started to increase the population of this owl.

Plants
クシロハナシノブ氷河期の遺存種。高さが40cm～80cmの多年草で、6月～7月に紫色の花をつけ、北海道自然歩道「霧と湿原の道」を散策すると見ることができます。 Marsh Jacob's Ladder The flower has existed in the wetland since the Ice Age. It is a purple-flowered perennial which blooms in June and July. They can be seen around Hokkaido Nature Trail.
	ツルコケモモ温根内の木道などの高層湿原で見られる、ツツジ科の常緑小低木です。葉は小さく、6月～7月に淡紅色の小さな花をつけ、秋には赤い実をつけます。 Small Bog Cranberry These are found in bog areas of the wetland especially along the Onnenai boardwalk. They belong to the Heath family. They are low lying evergreens with small leaves. In June and July they have small fuchsia flowers and in autumn they produce small red berries.
ヤチボウズスゲ類が前年までの株の上に根を張り、年々株を成長させたものです。各地の木道などあちこちでその姿を見ることができます。 Tussuck Grass (Yachibousu) This is a sedge which forms a ball shaped tussuck over many years. These can be seen along the boardwalks.

Mammals
	キタキツネ大きさは50cm～75cmで、尾の長さが30cm～40cm。本来は非常に用心深い動物ですが、湿原周辺ではかなり目にすることができます。自然のバランスを崩すことになりますので決してエサを与えないでください。 Red Fox This fox is approximately 50-75 cm in size, with a tail length of 30-40 cm. They are basically a cautious animal but many of them can be seen around the wetland. Feeding can be a cause of an imbalance of the natural ecosystem.
エゾシカ森林と草原の境界に多く生息し、メスや若いシカは群をつくります。オスはあまり群を作りません。冬から春にかけては道路沿いにまで、姿を現します。交通事故に注意してください。 Sika Deer These deer inhabit forests and meadows, and can frequently be seen around the edges of the forests . The females and young deer form herds but the male deer remain independent . During winter and spring they often come close to the roads, so be careful when driving.
	シマリスエゾシマリスともよばれ、細岡や温根内の木道などで4月～10月くらいまで見ることができます。冬の期間は巣で冬眠をします。 Asiatic Chipmunk Better known as Ezo-Shimarisu, they are often seen around the Hosooka and Onnenai boardwalks from April to October. During the winter they hibernate in their nests.

Others
キタサンショウウオ氷河期の遺存種。釧路湿原や北方領土の国後島に生息しています。体長が8cm～12cmで姿を見かけることはまれですが、5月頃に湿原の水たまりなどで青白い蛍光色の卵塊があります。 Siberian Salamander These salamanders have been present around Kushiro Wetland since the Ice Age, They inhabits Kushiro Wetland and Kunashiri Island of the Northern Territories. Their body length is 8cm-12cm. They are usually difficult to see, but in May their blue fluorescent eggs can be seen in shallow water.
	イイジマルリボシヤンマ釧路湿原は、トンボの宝庫となっています。中でも氷河期の遺存種であるイイジマルリボシヤンマは、トンボ目ヤンマ科の昆虫で、7月～10月上旬まで塘路湖周辺などで見ることができます。 Aeschana Subarctica Kushiro Wetland is frequently called the "dragonfly treasure box". Aeschana Subarctica's presence in the Wetland dates back to the lce Age. It belongs to the Large Dragonfly family. They can be seen in their adult stage around Lake Toro, from July to early October.
イトウサケ科の淡水魚で、大きいものは1m以上にも達し、時にはネズミやカエルなどを捕食します。しかし、現在はその数が非常に少なっています。 Japanese Huchen This fish belongs to the Fresh Water Salmon family. It can grow to almost one meter in length. Sometimes they feed on rats and frogs. Recently, the number of Huchen has drastically declined.

Plants
クシロハナシノブ氷河期の遺存種。高さが40cm～80cmの多年草で、6月～7月に紫色の花をつけ、北海道自然歩道「霧と湿原の道」を散策すると見ることができます。 Marsh Jacob's Ladder The flower has existed in the wetland since the Ice Age. It is a purple-flowered perennial which blooms in June and July. They can be seen around Hokkaido Nature Trail.
	ツルコケモモ温根内の木道などの高層湿原で見られる、ツツジ科の常緑小低木です。葉は小さく、6月～7月に淡紅色の小さな花をつけ、秋には赤い実をつけます。 Small Bog Cranberry These are found in bog areas of the wetland especially along the Onnenai boardwalk. They belong to the Heath family. They are low lying evergreens with small leaves. In June and July they have small fuchsia flowers and in autumn they produce small red berries.
ヤチボウズスゲ類が前年までの株の上に根を張り、年々株を成長させたものです。各地の木道などあちこちでその姿を見ることができます。 Tussuck Grass (Yachibousu) This is a sedge which forms a ball shaped tussuck over many years. These can be seen along the boardwalks.

Mammals
	キタキツネ大きさは50cm～75cmで、尾の長さが30cm～40cm。本来は非常に用心深い動物ですが、湿原周辺ではかなり目にすることができます。自然のバランスを崩すことになりますので決してエサを与えないでください。 Red Fox This fox is approximately 50-75 cm in size, with a tail length of 30-40 cm. They are basically a cautious animal but many of them can be seen around the wetland. Feeding can be a cause of an imbalance of the natural ecosystem.
エゾシカ森林と草原の境界に多く生息し、メスや若いシカは群をつくります。オスはあまり群を作りません。冬から春にかけては道路沿いにまで、姿を現します。交通事故に注意してください。 Sika Deer These deer inhabit forests and meadows, and can frequently be seen around the edges of the forests . The females and young deer form herds but the male deer remain independent . During winter and spring they often come close to the roads, so be careful when driving.
	シマリスエゾシマリスともよばれ、細岡や温根内の木道などで4月～10月くらいまで見ることができます。冬の期間は巣で冬眠をします。 Asiatic Chipmunk Better known as Ezo-Shimarisu, they are often seen around the Hosooka and Onnenai boardwalks from April to October. During the winter they hibernate in their nests.

Others
キタサンショウウオ氷河期の遺存種。釧路湿原や北方領土の国後島に生息しています。体長が8cm～12cmで姿を見かけることはまれですが、5月頃に湿原の水たまりなどで青白い蛍光色の卵塊があります。 Siberian Salamander These salamanders have been present around Kushiro Wetland since the Ice Age, They inhabits Kushiro Wetland and Kunashiri Island of the Northern Territories. Their body length is 8cm-12cm. They are usually difficult to see, but in May their blue fluorescent eggs can be seen in shallow water.
	イイジマルリボシヤンマ釧路湿原は、トンボの宝庫となっています。中でも氷河期の遺存種であるイイジマルリボシヤンマは、トンボ目ヤンマ科の昆虫で、7月～10月上旬まで塘路湖周辺などで見ることができます。 Aeschana Subarctica Kushiro Wetland is frequently called the "dragonfly treasure box". Aeschana Subarctica's presence in the Wetland dates back to the lce Age. It belongs to the Large Dragonfly family. They can be seen in their adult stage around Lake Toro, from July to early October.
イトウサケ科の淡水魚で、大きいものは1m以上にも達し、時にはネズミやカエルなどを捕食します。しかし、現在はその数が非常に少なっています。 Japanese Huchen This fish belongs to the Fresh Water Salmon family. It can grow to almost one meter in length. Sometimes they feed on rats and frogs. Recently, the number of Huchen has drastically declined.

釧路湿原基礎知識	釧路湿原の生い立ち	釧路湿原国立公園の歩み	釧路湿原の働き	釧路湿原の豊かさを物語る動植物たち	釧路湿原西エリア動植物季節表	釧路湿原東エリア動植物季節表